Casharka 63aad

 Habdhiska dheefshiidka (digestive system).

Casharka 63aad

Chronic pancreatitis

Waa ololka raagga ee ku dhaca ganaca, waa olol muddo dheer soo jiitama, kaasoo si joogta ah u dhaawaca nuddaha ganaca ama unugyada gacana, kaasoo keenaya isbeddel inuu ku yimaado shaqada gacana, iyo qaab-dhismeedka ganaca. Waxyaabaha badana lala xidhiidhsho waa ay badan yihiin siyaalo kala duwan ayay ku keenaan. Waxa ka mid ah:

Qamriga: waxa ku jirta maado la yiraahdo ethanol madaadadaas waxay keeneysaa in ay dhaawacdo unugyada ganaca(sun) taasoo keeneysa in olol ku dhaco ganaca.  Waxa badanaya soo deynta dheecaannada gacana uu soo daayo taasina waxa ka dhallaneysa marrinka ay mari lahaayeen inuu xirmo intaas kaddib cadaadiska ganaca fuulayaa sidaas ku bato.

Dhagaxa xameetida(Gallstones:) dhagaxa ku sameysma xameetida waxa uu ka  iman karaa qaraartada, ama kolastaroolka, ama maadada jaalisada, cabirka iyo baaxadda kasoo uu xirayo marinka dacarta ama marinka dheecaannada gacana(pancreatic duct). Xirrinkaasi waxa uu keennayaa tafaalyada u dhexeeyaa marrinka gacana iyo marinka jaallisada. Gacanada qudhiisa ayaa ku sameysma xirritaan uu ku sameeyo dheecannada uu soo daayo.  Xirrankaasi waxa uu siyaadinayaa cadaadiska ganaca. Waxa la carinayaa dheecaanada gacana(enzymes)  caadiyan dheecannadan waxa la soo saaraa iyago aan shaqo qaban karin, kaddib waxa lagu beddelaa xiidmaha, si ay markaasi shaqo u qabtaan. Haddii uu marinkaasi xiran yahay dheecaannadani waxay noqdaan aan qaangarin sidii la rabbay u shaqeyn guddaha ganaca, taasi waxay keeneysaa dib isku burburin isku sameeyo ganaca, taasoo keeneysaa olol iyo in a dhintaan unugyada ganaca. Waxa la soo deynayaa waxyaabaha ka falcelsha ololka, waxay dhaawacayaan unugyada ganaca, waxayna keeneysaa barar,  taasoo ay keeni karti dhibaatooyin badan sida qalqal ku yimaada  habdhiska neefsashada,ama. Fashillanka xubna badan oo jirka ka mid ah

Genetic Factors: waxa jirra waxyaabo la xidhiidha giddaha sidaha. Waxa isbeddel ku imanayaa hidda sidaha (PRSSS1, SPINGK1, CFTR)  waxa uu carqaladeynagaa dheennacada isagoo soo deynaya, taasoo keeneysa inuu ganaca is burburiyo.

Autoimmune Disorders: waxa kaloo keenna xanuunnada is weerarka difaaca jirka. Difaaca jirka waxa uu weerarayaa ganaca, waxa uu sababayaa olol iyo inuu ganaca adkaado.

Obstruction: waxa xirmaya marrinka dheennacada ganaca, (waxa xiri kara dhagax ka yimaada xameetida, ama burro). Taasoo keeneysa inuu siyaado cadaadiska marrinka dheennacada ganaca taasoo keeneysa ololka raagga ee ganaca.  

Metabolic Disorders: waxaa kaloo keenna xanuunnada ku dhaca dheefsashada,  sida duxda oo badan(hyperlipidemia) waxay keentaa in dux ku ururto ganaca taasoo keeneysa ololka ganaca.

Idiopathic Causes: waxa keenna lama yaqanano badannaa.  Laakiin waxaa loo aaneeyaa hab-noleedka oo qaldan iyo hannaanka cuntada oo qaldan waa ay ka qeyb qaadan kartaa.

Caalamadaha. 

1:Abdominal Pain:  xanuun darran caloosha qofka uu ka dareemo, taasoo uu ka qeyb qaadanayo cunitaanka.

2:Weight Loss: miisaanka oo luma, taaso ugu qofka aan waxba cunin.

3:Steatorrhea: saxarada oo dufan leh.

4:Diabetes Mellitus: qofka oo macaanka haleela. Shaqa xumo ku timaada insuliinta.

5:Nausea and Vomiting: lallabo iyo matag, taasoo ugu wacan dheefshiidka oo xumaado.

Baadhitaanka.

1. Imaging Studies: waxa la saarayaa kombuyuutarka(ultrasound) si markaasi loo cadeeyo qaabdhiska ganaca haddii uu isbeddelay iyo haddii uu jirro adkaansho.

2:CT Scan:waxaa kaloo loo dirsanayaa iskaan si markaasi loogu ogaado si faah faahsan.

 3:. Laboratory Tests: waxaa loo diraya hubbinta sheybbaadhka. Sida Amylase iyo Lipase,  haddii  ay kacsan yihiin  mujinayaan in uu jirro ololka ganaca.

4:Fecal elastase: Waxa la cabirayaa dhacaankan uu soo daayo ganaca marinka la'a. 

5:Blood Glucose Levels: waxaa laga cabirayaa sokorta.

Daaweynta.

1: Qofka hab-nololeedkiisa in labeddelo sida inuu qamriga joojiyo, gabi ahaanba inuu ka fogaado qamriga. Sidoo kale waa inuu joojiyo cabitaanka sigaarka. Waxaa kaloo la siinayaa cunnooyinka ay ku yartahay duxda si markaasi loo yareeyo carinta ganaca.

2:Pancreatic enzyme supplements: Qofka waxa la siinayaa beddelka dheennacada uu soo daayo ganaca, isagoo dawo ahaan ah. Waxa uu innaga caawinayaa burburinta duxda, kaarbohaydareedka,borotiinka. Waxa uu yareynayaa in saxarada lagu arko dux.

3:Fat-soluble vitamins: waxa la siinayaa faytamiinada   sida 

 (Vitamins A, D, E, and K) waa haddii uu qofka nuugitaanka nafaqada uu xun yahay.

4:Endoscopic therapy:  haddii uu xirran yahay marrinka ganaca waxa la dhigayaa balaariso(stent placement) si markaasi loo yareeyo xanuunka.

5:Waxaa kaloo la siinayaa xanuun baabi'iye sida opioid  ay ka mid tahay Morphine.

 6:In laga daaweeyo waxyaabaha keenay,  sida dhagaxaanta xameetida, loona sameeyo dhagax saarida xameetida qaliinkiisa( cholecystectomy). 

Tixraaca. 

1. "Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine" (20th Edition)Chapter: Gastrointestinal Disorders (Acute Pancreatitis)

2. "Current Medical Diagnosis and Treatment" (2024 Edition)

Chapter: Gastroenterology (Acute Pancreatitis)

3. "Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease" (11th Edition)

Chapter: Acute Pancreatitis

4. "Yamada's Textbook of Gastroenterology" (6th Edition)

Chapter: Pancreatic Disorders (Acute Pancreatitis)

5. "Schiff's Diseases of the Liver" (12th Edition)

Chapter: Acute Pancreatitis

Websites

1. Mayo Clinic

Mayo Clinic: Acute Pancreatitis

2. Cleveland Clinic

Cleveland Clinic: Acute Pancreatitis

3. Amboss

Amboss: Acute Pancreatitis

4. Medscape

Medscape: Acute Pancreatitis

5. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK).NIDDK: Acute Pancreatitis

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