Casharka. 29aad

 Habdhiska Neefsashada iyo Xanuunnada ku dhaca. 

Casharka. 29aad

Noocyada Cusub ee SARS-CoV-2 Maxay kaga duwan yihiin Noocii hore?

COVID-19 warkiisii inagamuu dhammaan laakiin inaga ka sheexnay soo hadal qaadkiisa oo garowsanay in xaqiiqo aynaan saamayn karin wadwadkeedu wax aan isku maandhaaf ahayn aynaan ka dheefayn. Bal aan curfigaa jebiyo oo aan waxoogaa ka faaloodo halka arin maraayo.

Laba qodob ayaa si wayn loo qaadaa dhigayay dhowr kii todobaad ee ina dhaafay; Mid waxa uu ahaa tallaalada oo rajo iyo rayn rayn soo kordhisay isla markaana abuuray niyad wanaag ku saabsan in aynu ugu danbayn Fayraskan anfariirka inna qaadsiiyay in aynu ka guulaysan doono. Midna waa arinta ku saabsan in Fayraskii SARS-CoV-2 ee COVID-19 ka mas'uulka ahaaba xuub dhacsaday oo dardar cusub is geliyay noocyo cusubna yeeshay.

Sideedaba, fayraskan Kofidh-ka dhaliyaa waxa uu ka samaysan yahay ilaa 28 barootiin oo kala duwan; waxa ugu caansan barootiin la yidhaa SPIKE-PROTEIN oo awood u siiya fayraska in uu ku xidhmo, gudahana u galo unugyada jidhka qofka. Sidoo kale, jidhka qofku si uu u aqoonsado fayraska waa inuu lafal-galo oo akhriyo SPIKE-protein ka . Waxaaba la mala-awaalayaa in hadii barootiinkan fayraska laga saaro, difaaca jidhku wuu dhaadi waayi doonaa fayraska jidhka dhex mushaaxaya.

Dhammaan tallaalada ilaa hadda lasoo saaray waxay ku salaysan yihiin aqoonsiga iyo hub usamaysiga barootiinka SPIKE (S-Protein). intii aafada Kofidh ay socotay bil kasta waxa lala kulmayay fayras dhiskiisii wax yari iska bedeleen; waxa hore loo arkay goosano fayraska ah oo laba ama sadex barootiin oo dhismahooda ka mid ah doorsoon ku dhacay, laakiin kuwaas oo dhami wax werwer ah may abuurin, loomana aqoonsan nooc cusub (new variant).

Su'aashu waxa weeye, noocan cusub muxuu kaga duwan yahay kii hore? ilaa hada saddex nooc oo cusub (new SARS-CoV-2 variants) ayaa la aqoonsaday: koonfur afrika, Ingiriiska iyo Nayjeeriya ayaa wadanba nooc cusub lagu arkay. Saddexdaa nooc, ka ugu yar waxa lagu hayaa 17 isbedel oo qaarkood ay saaameeyeen muuqaalkii SPIKE barootiinka. Sida aynu fahmi karno, hadii SPIKE- protein ka fayrasku bedelo qaab-dhismihiisa waxa dhici karta in tallaalada cusubi waxba katari waayaan; suuragalnimadaasi waa waxa werwerka keenaya.

Marka, hadaba, fac cusub oo fayras hore u jiray ah uu soo ifbaxo, cilmi-baadheyaashu waxay xooga saaraan in ay warcelin sugan u helaan sadex waydiimood oo muhiim:Isbedelka soo kordhay miyuu kordhinayaa xawaarihii fayrasku ku faafayay mise wuu hakinayaa?

Xanuunka uu dhalinkaraa miyuu ka dardar kulul yahay kii hore mise wuu ka ladifan yahay?.

Nooca cusub miyuu ka dhuuman karaa difaacii jidhka ee uu cariyay Fayraskii asalka ahaa mise difaacu uu caabiyi karaa?.

Saddexdaa arimoodba waa in si degdeg ah xog looga helo si qiimayn sax ah loogu samayn karo khatarta ka dhalan karta noocan cusub.

Su'aasha hore waxa la ogyahay, ilaa hadda, in noocan cusub uu ka degdeg badan yahay xaga faafitaanka kii hore (71% ayuu ka degdeg badan yahay noocii hore), waxase waliba u dheer in uu kan cusubi aad ugu baahi karo da'yarta. Walaac gaar ah ayaa laga qabaa in noocan cusub (B.1.1.7 ama VUI-202012/01) uu leeyahay awood dheeraad ah oo uu ku laaco, kuna xejisto unugyada jidhka taas oo la saadaalinayo in ay fayraska awood u siiso inuu mudo dheer ku sii jiri karo jidhka qofka.

WHO waxay sheegtay in doorsoonnada tirada badan ee noocan cusub ku yimid uu ka mid tahay mid khalkhal ku keeni kara shaybaadhka PCR ka ee fayraska COVID-19. Prof. Wendy Barclay oo madaxaha waaxda Cudurada faafa (department of infectious deseaes) ee Imperial College Lodnon, 

ayaa waxay ku kalsoontahay in doorsoonkani (Deletion 69/70) aanu saamayn wayn ku yeelan doonin natiijada shaybaadhka PCR ee COVID-19. Sababta oo ah PCR waxa uu wadar u baadhaa sadex barootiin oo fayrasku leeyahay oo midkood yahay kan doorsoonku ku dhacay; markaa hadii mid wax iska bedelaan waxa wali hagaagsan laba barootiin. Iyaguna ku filan in ay shaybaadhka natiijadiisa mid lagu kalsoonaan karo ka dhigaan. 

Hadiiba PCR intii mudo ah sii shaqeeyo, waxa aan la hubin sida Noocan cusub ee SARS-CoV-2  uu u saamayn doono shaybaadhada degdeg ah ee Antibody-ga ku salaysan ee lagu qaado goobaha waxbarashada, madaarada, iyo goobaha kale ee bulshadu ku kulanto.

Xaga xannuunka uu keeni karo markii loo kuur galay waxa la ogaaday in astaamihiisu aanay waxbadan kaga duwanayn kuwii aynu ku arki jirnay Noocii fayraska ee asalka ahaa. Su'aasha sadexaad, oo iyadu wakhti dheer u baahantay hubsashadeedu, wali lama hubo in noocan cusubi ka dhuuman karo difaaca iyo in kale. Majiro daliil biyo-kama dhibcaan ah oo cadaynaya in tallaalada la daahfuray aanay anfacayn nooca cusub, hasayeeshee wali howl ayaa laaban.

Prof. Peter Openshaw, oo ahaa madaxii hore ee British Society for Immunology, hadana maadada Experimental medicine ka dhiga Imperial College London, xubinna ka ah Gudida daraasadaysa khatarta fayrasyada cusub ee ku dhaca neef mareenka (The New and Emerging Respiratory Virus Threats Advisory Group (NERVTAG)  ayaa aad ugu kalsoon in noocyada cusub ee fayraskan Covid-19 aanay ka gacan sarayn doonin tallaalada cusub. Tallaaladan cusub waxay howl geliyaan dhamaan laamaha difaaca jidhku ka kooban yahay sidaa darteed hadii hal barootiin is bedelo wali difaacu wuu aqoonsan karaa fayraska waanu ka awood badan karaa.

Waxa hubaal ah in ay jiraan cilmi-baadheyaal madaale-yaal ah oo hadh iyo habeen ku howlan sidii ay jawaabo ugu heli lahaayeen su’aalaha tirada badan ee maskaxdeena cudhaya; waydiinkastana loo helidoono warcelin waafi ah oo lagaga bogsado. Waxase inaga inala gudboon in aynu si xilkasnimo iyo xikmadi ku dheehan tahay u daraasadayno duruufaha dalkeena, dadkeena iyo walaacyada soo kordhaya. Waa in aynu fahano in xannuunku aanu aduunka ka bixin una dhawayn; in aanu inala hayb ahayn oo feebar gaar ah inoo dhiganayn hadii uu habacsanaantan inoogu soo xoogaysto, isagoo waliba in uu qaaradeena si xowli ah ugu soo badanayo.Nooca cusub ee Koonfur afrika iyo Nayjeeriya laga soo sheegayo ee sida holac dab oo geed xoday ah dhex hulaaqay dhalinyartii u dhex qaaday, inagana inagama foga marka la eego xawaaraha fayraska iyo feejignaan la’aanteena. Horaa loo yidhi, belo daan la qabto ayay leedahay ee dib la qabto malaha sidaa darteed waxa inagu waajib ah madax iyo shiciba in aynu baraarugno oo aynbu u tafo xaydano sidii aynnu ka hortan macquul ah u samayn lahayn.

Qore:Dr Abdikarim D Hassan

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